Authing Share｜理解 SAML2 协议

SAML2 综述安全断言标记语言（英语：Security Assertion Markup Language，简称SAML，发音 sam-el）是一个基于 XML 的开源标准数据格式，它在当事方之间交换身份验证和授权数据，尤其是在身份提供者和服务提供者之间交换。SAML2.0 可以实现基于网络跨域的单点登录（SSO），以便于减少向一个用户分发多个身份验证令牌的管理开销。SAML 主体在 SAML

Authing

3214人浏览 · 2021-05-18 19:20:24

Authing · 2021-05-18 19:20:24 发布

SAML2 综述

安全断言标记语言（英语：Security Assertion Markup Language，简称SAML，发音 sam-el）是一个基于 XML 的开源标准数据格式，它在当事方之间交换身份验证和授权数据，尤其是在身份提供者和服务提供者之间交换。SAML2.0 可以实现基于网络跨域的单点登录（SSO），以便于减少向一个用户分发多个身份验证令牌的管理开销。

SAML 主体

在 SAML 协议中，涉及两个主体：

Service Provider 服务提供方，简称 SP。什么是服务提供方？例如：阿里云控制台、腾讯云控制台、AWS 控制台这些都是服务提供方。

Identity Provider 身份提供方，简称 IdP。什么是身份提供方？Authing 可以作为身份提供方，身份提供方能够向 SP 发送身份断言，所谓身份断言就是由 Authing 签发的，可以标识某个人身份的 Token，只不过，在 SAML 协议中，这个 Token 的格式是 XML 形式的。还有一些其他的身份提供方，例如 Okta、SSOCircle、Auth0，他们都可以向 SP 返回身份断言。

两个主体通过用户的浏览器进行信息交换。方式上，SP 可以返回带参数的重定向 HTTP 响应，让用户立刻通过参数将信息发给 IdP。而 IdP 会返回一个表单，同时还有一段立即提交表单的 JS 代码，从而让用户立刻将信息发给 SP。

总结一下，SP 提供服务，需要知道用户的身份，就需要向 IdP 询问。IdP 知道用户的身份，当用户在 IdP 登录成功，IdP 就将用户的身份以 SAML 断言的形式发给 SP。SP 信任 IdP 发来的身份断言，从而赋予该用户在 SP 的相关权限。

SAML Request

当用户的身份无法鉴定时，SP 会向 IdP 发送 SAML Request 信息（通过浏览器发送），请求 IdP 来鉴定用户身份。

由阿里云控制台发起一次 SAML Request 的形式是这样的：

GET https://core.authing.cn/v2/api/saml-idp/5e10927e4ecfd464fb4edaf6?SAMLRequest=fZJLT%2BMwFIX3%2FIrI%2B7yct9Wk6kyFQGJERQKL2RnnJnWV2Blfp2L%2BPaGlDLOApaV7vnN0jlfrl3FwjmBQalWS0AuIA0roVqq%2BJI%2FNtZuTdXW1Qj4OdGKb2e7VA%2FyZAa2zQQRjF91PrXAewdRgjlLA48NdSfbWTsh8H2WvpPL4IP%2FOyhN69N9Qfl3fE2e7UKTi9mR9EQhtwOOLz5LAE8o%2FUp9P8qRyZTv5CYRBQTOIQXRtnMbdcwwt71LiXGsj4JSwJB0fEIhzuy0Jp9AXgvaHgwzzPA%2FjfXagbRYlebeP%2BmI5wh1HlEf4J0Oc4Vah5cqWhAY0cIPCpXkTRiwoWJJ5eZH%2BJs7OaKuFHn5IdS5sNoppjhKZ4iMgs4LVm193jHoBez4fIbtpmp27u68b4jxdiqdvxS9TKGTnqr9nTe%2FGpDovw06JzWfC9wB%2B2Y5UXy8VRlmcpkWUpUlGY5p8TLfyP7tW78%2F%2Fv0f1Cg%3D%3D

(提示：代码可向右滑动)

SAMLRequest 参数通过 query 在 URL 中发送给 IdP，SAMLRequest 的内容如下：

fZJLT+MwFIX3/IrI+7yct9Wk6kyFQGJERQKL2RnnJnWV2Blfp2L+PaGlDLOApaV7vnN0jlfrl3FwjmBQalWS0AuIA0roVqq+JI/NtZuTdXW1Qj4OdGKb2e7VA/yZAa2zQQRjF91PrXAewdRgjlLA48NdSfbWTsh8H2WvpPL4IP/OyhN69N9Qfl3fE2e7UKTi9mR9EQhtwOOLz5LAE8o/Up9P8qRyZTv5CYRBQTOIQXRtnMbdcwwt71LiXGsj4JSwJB0fEIhzuy0Jp9AXgvaHgwzzPA/jfXagbRYlebeP+mI5wh1HlEf4J0Oc4Vah5cqWhAY0cIPCpXkTRiwoWJJ5eZH+Js7OaKuFHn5IdS5sNoppjhKZ4iMgs4LVm193jHoBez4fIbtpmp27u68b4jxdiqdvxS9TKGTnqr9nTe/GpDovw06JzWfC9wB+2Y5UXy8VRlmcpkWUpUlGY5p8TLfyP7tW78//v0f1Cg==

(提示：代码可向右滑动)

base64 decode + inflate 解码后
（https://www.samltool.com/decode.php）

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<saml2p:AuthnRequest AssertionConsumerServiceURL="https://signin.aliyun.com/saml/SSO" Destination="https://core.authing.cn/v2/api/saml-idp/5e10927e4ecfd464fb4edaf6" ForceAuthn="false" ID="a2eg9c2gjji188814h7j2d7358fh3g9" IsPassive="false" IssueInstant="2020-09-28T13:09:57.896Z" ProtocolBinding="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:bindings:HTTP-POST" Version="2.0"
 xmlns:saml2p="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol">
 <saml2:Issuer
  xmlns:saml2="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion">https://signin.aliyun.com/1374669376572425/saml/SSO
 </saml2:Issuer>
</saml2p:AuthnRequest>

(提示：代码可向右滑动)

SAML Response

IdP 收到 SAML Request 后，会弹出登录框对用户身份进行认证：
在这里插入图片描述

当用户在 IdP 完成登录后，SAML IdP 将用户身份断言发送给 SP（放在表单中，通过浏览器 POST 请求发送）。SAML IdP 的响应内容如下：

<form id="saml-form" method="post" action="https://signin.aliyun.com/saml/SSO" autocomplete="off">
  <input
    type="hidden"
    name="SAMLResponse"
    id="saml-response"
    value="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"
  />
  <input
    type="hidden"
    name="RelayState"
    id="relay-state"
    value=""
  />
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
  (function() {
    document.forms[0].submit();
  })();
</script>

(提示：代码可向右滑动)

没有什么神秘的，就是一个 HTML form 表单和一段立即提交该表单的 JS 代码。其中的 SAML Response 信息如下：

base64 decode + inflate 解码后

(https://www.samltool.com/decode.php)

<samlp:Response
 xmlns:samlp="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:protocol"
 xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion" ID="_62b177c1-a919-42f6-9586-47f13b71081f" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2020-09-28T13:30:31.788Z" Destination="https://signin.aliyun.com/saml/SSO" InResponseTo="a49f8edi31cj0a2a459g0331c3d9c10">
 <saml:Issuer>https://20nqulvoqpbp.authing.cn</saml:Issuer>
 <samlp:Status>
  <samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>
 </samlp:Status>
 <saml:Assertion
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
  xmlns:saml="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:assertion" ID="_fae95b47-cbf3-4a20-add0-99d856b4124e" Version="2.0" IssueInstant="2020-09-28T13:30:31.788Z">
  <saml:Issuer>https://20nqulvoqpbp.authing.cn</saml:Issuer>
  <ds:Signature
   xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
   <ds:SignedInfo>
    <ds:CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/>
    <ds:SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/>
    <ds:Reference URI="#_fae95b47-cbf3-4a20-add0-99d856b4124e">
     <ds:Transforms>
      <ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#enveloped-signature"/>
      <ds:Transform Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/>
     </ds:Transforms>
     <ds:DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/>
     <ds:DigestValue>/ol6lC1j+smdonl48+lJTzUeqnw=</ds:DigestValue>
    </ds:Reference>
   </ds:SignedInfo>
   <ds:SignatureValue>awzcE0dp8BzTW4b4PFaRX7NKOC95bLqOnPeAKI/CsDfGaJdmzCK0fVliz+e6XzBluKfBpQtrQonKl7k2vVNaPFx9PpSVzwK91HLGvYQ0qB36uA4HFvm/3M31DL3ZRFPRq68ZaVAG6lMVd0YbiInVv9FWwsi+6jEpF+PRlmkoqAI=</ds:SignatureValue>
   <ds:KeyInfo>
    <ds:X509Data>
     <ds:X509Certificate>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</ds:X509Certificate>
    </ds:X509Data>
   </ds:KeyInfo>
  </ds:Signature>
  <saml:Subject>
   <saml:NameID Format="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.1:nameid-format:unspecified">yezuwei@authing.onaliyun.com</saml:NameID>
   <saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">
    <saml:SubjectConfirmationData NotOnOrAfter="2020-09-28T14:30:31.788Z" Recipient="https://signin.aliyun.com/saml/SSO" InResponseTo="a49f8edi31cj0a2a459g0331c3d9c10"/>
   </saml:SubjectConfirmation>
  </saml:Subject>
  <saml:Conditions NotBefore="2020-09-28T13:30:31.788Z" NotOnOrAfter="2020-09-28T14:30:31.788Z">
   <saml:AudienceRestriction>
    <saml:Audience>https://signin.aliyun.com/1374669376572425/saml/SSO</saml:Audience>
   </saml:AudienceRestriction>
  </saml:Conditions>
  <saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2020-09-28T13:30:31.888Z" SessionIndex="ooeumcq6eHjddr1H3Fyzou7Cs-OGTsNl">
   <saml:AuthnContext>
    <saml:AuthnContextClassRef>urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:unspecified</saml:AuthnContextClassRef>
   </saml:AuthnContext>
  </saml:AuthnStatement>
  <saml:AttributeStatement>
   <saml:Attribute Name="email" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:basic">
    <saml:AttributeValue
     xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:type="xs:string">yezuwei@authing.cn
    </saml:AttributeValue>
   </saml:Attribute>
   <saml:Attribute Name="name" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:basic">
    <saml:AttributeValue
     xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:type="xs:string"/>
    </saml:Attribute>
    <saml:Attribute Name="username" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:basic">
     <saml:AttributeValue
      xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:type="xs:string">yezuwei@authing.cn
     </saml:AttributeValue>
    </saml:Attribute>
    <saml:Attribute Name="phone" NameFormat="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:attrname-format:basic">
     <saml:AttributeValue
      xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:type="xs:string">null
     </saml:AttributeValue>
    </saml:Attribute>
   </saml:AttributeStatement>
  </saml:Assertion>
 </samlp:Response>

(提示：代码可向右滑动)

这段内容就是用户的身份断言，也就是用户的 Token，只不过这个 Token 通过 XML 格式传递。

读到这里，你可能会对 SP、IdP 如何处理这些冗长的 XML 信息感到困惑。Authing 会解决这些繁琐的处理，而你只需关注如何正确地配置 Authing IdP，与 SAML SP 进行通信。